Dr. Day

BIOL 2401

Lecture #2: Cellular Form and Function

I. Modern Cell Theory

A. Microbiologist Develop

1.

2.

B. Spontaneous Generation

C. Modern Cell Theory

1.

2.

3.

4.

II. The Cell Surface

A. Plasma Membrane

1.

2. Outside =

3. Inside =

4. Fluid BILAYER

a.

b.

c.

d.

5. Membrane Lipids

a.

b. Phospholipids:

c. Cholesterol:

d. Glycolipids:

6. Membrane Proteins:

a.

b. Transmembrane Proteins:

i)

ii)

iii)

c. Perphrial Proteins:

i)

ii)

d. General Functions

i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

vi)

III. The Glycocalyx

A. Composed of :

B. Functions to:

1.

2. Types of non-self:

IV. Cellular Extensions:

A. Microvilli:

1.

2.

3.

B. Cillia:

1.

2.

3.

C. Flagella:

V. Membrane Transport:

A. Passive Processes: NO ATP USED, NO CARRIER PROTEINS USED EXCEPT AQUAPORINS

1. Filtration: (no carrier)

a. Definition:

b. Examples:

i)

ii)

2. Simple Diffusion: (no carrier)

a. Definition:

b. Concentration Gradient:

c.

d. Factors affecting rate:

i)

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

4. Osmosis

a. Definition:

b. Aquaporins (EXCEPTION):

i)

ii)

c.

d. Osmotic pressure:

5. Osmolarity/Tonicity

a. Osmolarity:

b. Tonicity:

i) Definition:

ii) Hypotonic:

iii) Hypertonic:

iv) Isotonic:

B Carrier Mediated:

1. Carrier Characteristics:

a.

b.

2. Types:

a. Uniport:

b. Symport:

c. Antiport:

3. Facilitated Diffusion:

4. Active Transport:

a. primary:

b. secondary:

c. Sodium (Na⁺)/Potassium (K⁺) Pump:

i) Type =

ii)

iii)

iv)

v)

vi)

VI. Intracellular Organells:

A. Nucleus:

1.

2.

3.

B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

1.

2.

C. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

1.

2.

D. Ribosomes

1.

2.

E. Golgi Complex

1.

2.

F. Golgi Bodies

1.

2.

G. Mitochondria

1.

2.

H. Centrioles

1.

2.

I. Centrisome

1.

2.

VII. Cytoskeleton

A.

B. Microfillaments

1.

2.

3.

C. Intermediate Fillaments

1.

2.

3.

D. Microtubules:

1.

2.

3.